Australia PR Process & Cost (2026)

From skills assessment to visa grant — the steps and what they cost.

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The short answer: the government charge for the subclass 189 (Skilled Independent) visa starts at AUD 6,135 for the main applicant, and there is an additional second-instalment charge of AUD 4,885 for any family member aged 18 or over who does not have functional English. Everything else on this page — skills assessment, English test, health and police checks — is charged by separate providers and varies.

Note that fees are set by the Department of Home Affairs and are indexed, usually from 1 July each year, so the figure above can change. Always confirm the current amount with the department's Visa Pricing Estimator before you budget.

The steps, in order

  1. Skills assessment with the authority for your occupation (ANMAC for nursing, ACS for ICT, EA for engineering, TRA for trades, CPA/CAANZ for accounting). The assessment must generally have been obtained in the 3 years before you are invited.
  2. English test — at least Competent English is required, which is CELPIP 7 in each of the four abilities, or the equivalent in IELTS, PTE Academic, MET, OET, TOEFL iBT, Cambridge C1 Advanced or LANGUAGECERT Academic. Tests must be taken at a secure test centre (online/at-home versions are not accepted).
  3. Expression of Interest (EOI) in SkillSelect, where you declare your occupation, points claims and English level.
  4. Invitation to apply — only invited applicants may lodge. For 190 and 491 you must also be nominated by a state or territory.
  5. Lodge the visa and complete health examinations, police certificates and character checks.
  6. Visa grant — permanent residence for 189/190; the 491 is provisional (5 years) with a permanent pathway after 3 years.

What it costs

ItemCostWho charges it
189 visa charge — main applicantFrom AUD 6,135Department of Home Affairs
Second instalment — family 18+ without functional EnglishAUD 4,885Department of Home Affairs
Spouse/partner and dependent chargesAdditional per personDepartment of Home Affairs — check the Visa Pricing Estimator
190 / 491 visa chargesSet separately per subclass and indexedDepartment of Home Affairs — confirm current amounts
English testProvider-dependent (CELPIP-General is published at $290 + tax)Test provider
Skills assessmentVaries widely by assessing authorityAssessing authority
Medical examinationPer person, by clinicPanel physician
Police certificatesPer country, per personEach issuing authority

Two things people forget to budget for. First, the second instalment applies to adult family members who do not have functional English — it is not a penalty, it funds English tuition, but it lands as a lump sum at grant. Second, skills assessment and English test costs are usually paid twice if you end up retaking either, so it is worth being certain of your points strategy before you book.

How English changes the maths

Competent English is only the floor for points-tested visas (189, 190, 491) — and being eligible is not the same as being competitive. The points test rewards higher English:

DHA levelCELPIP (Listening / Reading / Writing / Speaking)Points
Superior English10 / 10 / 12 / 10+20
Proficient English9 / 8 / 10 / 8+10
Competent English7 / 7 / 7 / 70 (eligibility only)

So a candidate who tests to Proficient rather than merely Competent may add 10 points for the cost of one test fee — which is by far the cheapest points available to most applicants. CELPIP General can reach both Proficient and Superior; MET cannot, because DHA publishes those levels only for CELPIP, IELTS, PTE Academic, C1 Advanced, LANGUAGECERT Academic, OET and TOEFL iBT. Check your own score against the thresholds with our CELPIP to CLB calculator (it covers the Australian levels as well as Canada's).

Timeline, honestly

There is no fixed processing time you can rely on. The sequence that matters is: skills assessment and English test first (both take time and must be valid at invitation), then the EOI, then the wait for an invitation (which depends entirely on your occupation, points and the round), then lodging, health and police checks, and the decision. The department publishes processing times per subclass based on recently decided applications — use its processing time guide rather than forums, and do not book travel or resign a job until you have the grant.

Fees on this page are the department's published charges at the time of writing and are indexed annually. Confirm current amounts at the Visa Pricing Estimator. PrepSettle is not a migration agent and this is not migration advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much does Australian PR cost in 2026?

The subclass 189 visa charge starts at AUD 6,135 for the main applicant, plus AUD 4,885 as a second instalment for any family member aged 18 or over without functional English. Skills assessment, English test, medical and police checks are charged separately by their providers, and 190/491 charges are set per subclass, so confirm current amounts with the department before budgeting.

Is the English test worth retaking for more PR points?

Usually yes. Competent English gives no bonus points at all, while Proficient English adds 10 points and Superior English adds 20 on the points test. That makes a single retake one of the cheapest ways to gain points, provided you are close to the next band in your weakest ability.

Can MET get me Proficient or Superior English for Australia?

No. DHA publishes Proficient and Superior requirements for CELPIP, IELTS, PTE Academic, C1 Advanced, LANGUAGECERT Academic, OET and TOEFL iBT, but not for MET. MET can satisfy Competent-level requirements; to claim the higher points you need CELPIP or another accepted test.

What CELPIP score do I need at minimum for a 189 visa?

At the time of invitation you must have at least Competent English, which is CELPIP 7 in each of the four abilities — listening, reading, writing and speaking. The test must have been taken at a secure test centre; CELPIP Online is not accepted.

How long is my skills assessment valid?

The assessment must generally have been obtained within the 3 years before the date you are invited to apply, and if the assessment itself specifies a shorter validity period, that shorter period applies. This is why people time their assessment to sit close to the invitation.

Do I need a job offer for the 189 visa?

No. The 189 is a points-tested visa for invited workers and does not require a sponsor, employer or state nomination. The 190 requires state or territory nomination, and the 491 requires nomination for a designated regional area.

PrepSettle is an independent practice site, not a migration agent. Visa rules, occupation lists, points and fees change frequently — always confirm the current details on the official sources linked below (canada.ca, immi.homeaffairs.gov.au, studyaustralia.gov.au) before you decide.